Journal: Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Mitigates Glucose Fluctuation-Induced Aortic Valve Fibrosis: Insights From Diabetic Rat Models

doi: 10.31083/RCM42804

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of TNF- α mitigates glucose fluctuations-induced aortic valve fibrosis . (A,B,D,E) Immunohistochemical staining for collagen 1 and 3 (indicated by arrows) demonstrated enhanced collagen deposition in the aortic valves of the HG and GF diabetic rat models. However, treatment with infliximab was observed to mitigate this collagen accumulation. (C,F) Immunohistochemical analysis for α -SMA (arrows) revealed an increased fibrotic response in the aortic valves of the diabetic rats in the HG and GF groups; however, infliximab treatment reduced this progression (n = 5 per group). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were conducted utilizing one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc corrections to account for multiple comparisons (Fig. D–F). * p < 0.05, scale bar = 50 µm or 100 µm. α -SMA, α -smooth muscle actin.

Article Snippet: Additionally, primary polyclonal rabbit antibodies against collagen 1 (14695-1-AP, Proteintech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and collagen 3 (227345-1-AP, Proteintech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) were procured from Proteintech, USA.

Techniques: Inhibition, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Mitigates Glucose Fluctuation-Induced Aortic Valve Fibrosis: Insights From Diabetic Rat Models

doi: 10.31083/RCM42804

Figure Lengend Snippet: TNF- α -mediated inflammation could exacerbate fibrosis in vitro in porcine aortic valve interstitial cells across different glucose levels . (A,B,E,F) In the primary porcine aortic valve interstitial cells (pAVICs) groups, both HG and GF conditions were found to upregulate collagen 1 protein expression. Moreover, the proinflammatory cytokine TNF- α aggravated this upregulation under HG conditions, with an even more pronounced effect observed under GF conditions. Conversely, the inhibition of TNF- α could reverse these upregulations in both the HG and GF groups. (C,D,G,H) TGF- β 1 protein expression increased under both HG and GF conditions, with TNF- α further enhancing this increase, especially under GF conditions. The inhibition of TNF- α reversed these effects in both groups (n = 4 per group). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were conducted utilizing one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc corrections to account for multiple comparisons (Fig. E–H). * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Additionally, primary polyclonal rabbit antibodies against collagen 1 (14695-1-AP, Proteintech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and collagen 3 (227345-1-AP, Proteintech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) were procured from Proteintech, USA.

Techniques: In Vitro, Expressing, Inhibition

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Antioxidant Carbon Dots and Ursolic Acid Co-Encapsulated Liposomes Composite Hydrogel for Alleviating Adhesion Formation and Enhancing Tendon Healing in Tendon Injury

doi: 10.2147/ijn.s466312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4 RCDs/UA@Lipo alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative stress and TGF-β1 induced fibrosis-specific markers separately. (A) Immunofluorescence staining images of intracellular ROS and superoxide detected by DCFH-DA probe. (B) mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) detected by JC-1 probe. (C) tendon fibrosis markers (COL I, COL III, α-SMA) of NIH3T3. (D–H) Semiquantitative analysis of the relative fluorescent intensity of (A–C) (n = 3). (D and E) Model group is H2O2 group, (F–H) Model group is TGF-β1 group. Data are presented as mean ± SD; comparisons between the groups were performed one-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Evaluation of Anti-Fibrotic Effects of the Biomaterials by Immunofluorescent Staining at Six Weeks The fresh tissue sections were incubated with rabbit anti-rat antibodies against COL III (1:200; Cat#22734-1-AP, Proteintech, USA) and α-SMA (1:200; Cat#19245S, Cell Signaling Technology, USA) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Membrane

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Antioxidant Carbon Dots and Ursolic Acid Co-Encapsulated Liposomes Composite Hydrogel for Alleviating Adhesion Formation and Enhancing Tendon Healing in Tendon Injury

doi: 10.2147/ijn.s466312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6 RCDs/UA@Lipo-HAMA reduced adhesion of injured tendons at macroscopic and histological levels at various time points post-injury. (A) Schematic diagram of surgical procedures of the ATI. (B) Gross view of ATI. (C)Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of tendon antioxidant (Nrf-2, HO-1) and anti-inflammatory markers (CD68, iNOS) at 2 weeks post-injury (n = 3). (D) Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of tendon antifibrosis (COL III, α-SMA) at 6 weeks post- injury (n = 3). (E) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining of tendon markers (Vimentin, MMP2, α-SMA) antifibrosis at 6 weeks post-injury (n = 4). (F–N) Semiquantitative analysis of expression level of tendon marker of (C–E), respectively. Data are presented as mean ± SD; comparisons between the groups were performed by one-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Evaluation of Anti-Fibrotic Effects of the Biomaterials by Immunofluorescent Staining at Six Weeks The fresh tissue sections were incubated with rabbit anti-rat antibodies against COL III (1:200; Cat#22734-1-AP, Proteintech, USA) and α-SMA (1:200; Cat#19245S, Cell Signaling Technology, USA) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Marker

Journal: Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

Article Title: Therapeutic Effects of Resveratrol Liposome on Muscle Injury in Rats

doi: 10.12659/MSM.913409

Figure Lengend Snippet: LMLR reduced Collagen I expression. Compared with control, * P<0.05; compared with model, # P<0.05; compared with model+Res group, @ P<0.05.

Article Snippet: Following this, sections were incubated with rabbit anti-mouse monoclonal primary antibodies against desmin (1: 250; cat. no. ab32362, Abcam) or rabbit anti-mouse monoclonal primary antibodies against collagen I (1: 250; cat. no. bs-10423R, Bioss) for 60 min at room temperature, followed by incubation with anti-rabbit IgG horseradish peroxidase-linked antibody (1: 200; cat. no. 7074; ZB-2301, ZSGB-BIO) at 37°C for 15 min. Immunohistochemical staining was visualized by incubating sections with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine chromogen for 3 min at room temperature.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Pharmaceuticals

Article Title: Obeticholic Acid Reduces Kidney Matrix Metalloproteinase Activation Following Partial Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

doi: 10.3390/ph15050524

Figure Lengend Snippet: OCA treatment decreases cortex TNF-alpha and IL-6 in rats submitted to partial liver ischemia (60 min) followed by reperfusion (120 min). Animals were orally administered with OCA 10 mg/kg/day in methylcellulose 1% for 5 days ( n = 12) or with vehicle alone ( n = 12). Sham-operated animals were subjected to the same procedure without clamping the vessels. n = 6 rats/group. Results are expressed as median value (red line) ± error bar (1–99 percentiles) (black dot). Kruskal–Wallis test with Conover test. * p < 0.05 versus I/R rats.

Article Snippet: Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Collagen I alpha 1 (NBP1-30054) was purchased from Novus Biological (Bio-techne, Milan, Italy).

Techniques: